ISSN: 0034-8376
eISSN: 2564-8896
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Abstract

Clinical and Demographic Predictors of Conversion to Dementia in Mexican Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment

VOLUME 69 - NUMBER 1 / January - February (Original articles)  doi: 10.24875/RIC.17002064

Sara G. Aguilar-Navarro, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
Alberto J. Mimenza-Alvarado, Neuro-Geriatric Program, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
José Alberto Ávila-Funes, Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México D.F., Mexico
Teresa Juárez-Cedillo, Epidemiological Studies and Aging Health Services, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
Carolina Bernal-López, Geriatrics Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
Celia G. Hernández-Favela, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, School of Medicine, Torreón Unit, Torreón Coahuila, Mexico

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a clinical stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia. The clinical course of MCI is heterogeneous, with a significant number of cases progressing to dementia or reverting back to normal. Objective: To determine the predictors of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia among Mexican older adults. Materials and Methods: A sample of 175 persons underwent clinical and neuropsychological evaluation to establish mild cognitive impairment diagnosis. These patients were followed-up for a mean 3.5 years. Results: Mean age was 81.7 (± 6.9) years, 57% were women, and mean education level was 9.5 (± 6.1) years. Sixty-one percent of mild cognitive impairment participants progressed to dementia. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that progression to dementia was associated with age (HR: 4.95; 95% CI: 1.96-12.46; p = 0.001), low education level (HR: 5.81; 95% CI: 1.90-7.78; p < 0.002), history of stroke (HR: 3.92; 95% CI: 1.37-11.16; p < 0.012) and cognitive decline (HR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.18-1.45; p = 0.000). Conclusions: Age, poor education, cognitive decline, and a history of stroke were predictors of conversion to dementia. The identification and control of modifiable risk factors could influence conversion to dementia.

Keywords: Dementia. Mexican elderly. Mild cognitive impairment. Predictors.

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