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Abstract

Activated and Micronized Zeolite in the Modulation of Cellular Oxidative Stress in Mexican Smokers: A Randomized Clinical Trial

VOLUME 69 - NUMBER 3 / May - June (Original articles)  doi: 10.24875/RIC.17002125

Alfonso Atitlán-Gil, Innovation Department, Granding International, SA de CV, Jiutepec, Mor., Mexico; Research Department, Coordinación de Investigación del Área de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario Siglo XXl, Pachuca, Hgo., Mexico
Martín M. Bretón-de la Loza, Department of Translational Investigation, Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mor., Mexico
José C. Jiménez-Ortega, Department of Molecular Biology, Centro Médico Nacional de Biología Molecular, Pue., Mexico
Helen Belefant-Miller, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Stuttgart, USA
Gabriel Betanzos-Cabrera, Department of Nutrition and Clinical Toxicology, Área Académica de Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hgo., Mexico

Background: Activated and micronized zeolites are used as detoxifying agents in humans. Detoxification is attributed to their ability to reduce lipid peroxidation by scavenging free radicals. Objective: To evaluate activated and micronized zeolites as modulators of cellular oxidative stress in Mexican smokers without lung diseases. Methods: Randomized clinical trial. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups: activated and micronized zeolites, n = 29; vitamin E, an accepted antioxidant, n = 29; and maltodextrin as control, n = 27. Each group received the corresponding supplementation, dissolved in water, once a day for 30 days as follows: activated and micronized zeolites, 5.4 g activated and micronized zeolite; vitamin E, 400 mg D-alpha tocopheryl acetate; and maltodextrin, 250 mg of maltodextrin. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay was used to screen for lipid peroxidation. Catalase activity, plasma antioxidant capacity, and hydrogen peroxide levels were also measured. Results were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA and post hoc test of Bonferroni. Results: Subjects administered activated and micronized zeolites had equivalent antioxidant activities as subjects administered vitamin E. Conclusions: Activated and micronized zeolites may be useful as a modulator of oxidative stress in smokers. However, inclusion of a comparison group of non-smokers would be useful in future studies to assess the degree to which zeolites reverse the oxidant stress.

Keywords: Activated micronized zeolite. Oxidative stress. Smoking. Catalase. Total antioxidant power.

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